Through the federal regulatory process, the Academy leverages the expertise of members and various Academy units to substantially influence public policy for the benefit of the public and the profession. Accordingly, the Academy values and depends upon the effective engagement of our members.
| Legislation | Regulation | |
|---|---|---|
| Introduced By | Lawmakers Any senator or congressperson can introduce legislation. |
Federal Agencies A federal agency may draft a regulation after reviewing or finding ambiguity in a law and realizing a clarifying regulation is necessary; regulations must be based in laws already passed. |
| Altered By | Congress Committees in either chamber can alter proposed legislation through the amendment process. |
The Public The public and interested parties may attempt to change a proposed regulation by submitting comments, which require consideration and response by the agency. |
| Can Be Stopped By | Stalling/Falling in Congress Legislation may be stopped in its tracks if it stalls in the committee phase, fails a vote or cloture motion, is vetoed, or is not brought up by the other chamber. |
Congress/The Public A proposed regulation may be stopped in its tracks by strong, nearly unanimous or very influential public comments, or a resolution of disapproval by Congress (which can be vetoed by the president). |
| Finalized When | Signed by the President or Congress Overrides Veto The president can sign the bill into law, or congress can override a presidential veto by two-thirds majorities in both chambers. |
Published A regulation becomes a rule when it is published into the Federal Register after final consideration of comments and adjustments. |
| Has the Effect Of | Law Finalized legislation has the binding force of law. |
Law Exactly the same as legislation; a finalized regulation has the binding force of law. |
